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UPSC- Foundation course for General studies 2027 & 2028 - Learnees

UPSC- Foundation course for General studies 2027 & 2028

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UPSC- Foundation course for General studies 2027 & 2028

The UPSC General Studies (GS) course builds a strong foundation for aspirants preparing for the Civil Services Examination by the Union Public Service Commission. (English and Hindi Medium both batches are taught separately. It covers the complete GS syllabus for both Prelims and Mains with a focus on conceptual clarity and analytical thinking. The course includes subjects like History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Environment, Science & Technology, and Current Affairs. With structured lectures, updated study material, and regular assessments, students gain a well-rounded understanding of the exam. It also emphasizes current affairs integration, NCERT basics, and Mains answer writing to develop effective answer presentation skills.

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1. Prelims: GS Paper I Syllabus

Topics:

Current events of national and international importance.
History of India and Indian National Movement.
Indian and World Geography – Physical
Social
Economic -Geography of India and the World.
Indian Polity and Governance – Constitution
Political System
Panchayati Raj- Public Policy- Rights Issues- etc.
Economic and Social Development – Sustainable Development
Poverty
Inclusion
Demographics
Social Sector Initiatives
etc.
General issues on Environmental ecology
Bio-diversity and
Climate Change – that do not require subject specialization. General Science.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

2. Prelims: GS Paper 2 Syllabus (CSAT)

Topics:

Comprehension;
Interpersonal skills including communication skills;
Logical reasoning and analytical ability;
Decision making and problem solving;
General mental ability;
Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations
orders of
magnitude
etc.) (Class X level)
Data interpretation (charts
graphs
tables- data sufficiency etc. — Class X level);

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

3. Mains: General Studies-I (Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)

Topics:

Indian Culture – Salient aspects of Art Forms; Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Modern Indian History from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present – significant events; personalities; issues.
The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.
Post-independence Consolidation and Reorganization within the country.
History of the World including events from the 18th century such as Industrial Revolution; world wars
Redrawal of National Boundaries; Colonization; Decolonization; political philosophies
like Communism
Capitalism; Socialism etc.— their forms and effect on society.
Salient features of Indian Society; Diversity of India.
Role of Women and Women’s Organization; Population and Associated Issues; Poverty and Developmental issues
Urbanization; their problems and their remedies.
Effects of Globalization on Indian society.
Social Empowerment; Communalism; Regionalism & Secularism.
Salient features of World’s Physical Geography.
Distribution of Key Natural Resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent)
factors responsible for the location of primary; secondary; and tertiary sector
industries in various parts of the world (including India).
Important Geophysical Phenomena such as earthquakes; Tsunami
Volcanic activity; cyclones etc.
geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps)
and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

4. Mains: General Studies-II (Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)

Topics:

Indian Constitution—Historical Underpinnings
Evolution
Features
Amendments
Significant Provisions and Basic Structure.
Functions and Responsibilities of the Union and the States
Issues and Challenges Pertaining to the Federal Structure
Devolution of Powers and Finances up to Local Levels and Challenges Therein.
Separation of Powers between various organs Dispute Redressal Mechanisms and Institutions.
Comparison of the Indian Constitutional Scheme with that of Other Countries.
Parliament and State Legislatures—Structure
Functioning
Conduct of Business
Powers & Privileges and Issues Arising out of these.
Structure
Organization and Functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government; Pressure Groups and Formal/Informal Associations and their Role in the Polity.
Salient Features of the Representation of People’s Act.
Appointment to various Constitutional Posts
Powers
Functions and Responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
Statutory
Regulatory and various Quasi-judicial Bodies.
Government Policies and Interventions for Development in various sectors and Issues arising out of their Design and Implementation.
Development Processes and the Development Industry — the Role of NGOs/ SHGs/ various groups and associations/ donors/ charities/ institutional and other stakeholders.
Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the Population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these Schemes;
Mechanisms/ Laws/ Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
Issues Relating to Development and Management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health
Education
Human Resources.
Issues relating to Poverty and Hunger.
Important Aspects of Governance
Transparency and Accountability
E-governance- applications
models
successes
limitations
and potential; Citizens Charters
Transparency & Accountability and institutional and other measures.
Role of Civil Services in a Democracy.
India and its Neighborhood- Relations.
Bilateral
Regional and Global Groupings and Agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India’s interests
Indian Diaspora.
Important International Institutions
agencies and fora - their Structure
Mandate.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

5. Mains: General Studies-III (Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)

Topics:

Indian Economy and issues relating to Planning; Mobilization of Resources; Growth; Development and Employment.
Inclusive Growth and issues arising from it.
Government Budgeting.
Major Crops - Cropping Patterns in various parts of the country; - Different Types of Irrigation and Irrigation Systems; Storage; Transport and Marketing of Agricultural Produce and Issues and Related Constraints; E-technology in the aid of farmers.
Issues related to Direct and Indirect Farm Subsidies and Minimum Support Prices; Public Distribution System - Objectives; Functioning; Limitations; Revamping; Issues of Buffer Stocks and Food Security; Technology Missions; Economics of Animal-Rearing.
Food Processing and Related Industries in India- Scope’ and Significance; Location; Upstream and Downstream Requirements; Supply Chain Management. Land Reforms in India.
Effects of Liberalization on the Economy; Changes in Industrial Policy and their Effects on Industrial Growth.
Infrastructure: Energy; Ports; Roads; Airports; Railways etc. Investment Models.
Science and Technology- Developments and their Applications and Effects in Everyday Life.
Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology; Indigenization of Technology and Developing New Technology.
Awareness in the fields of IT; Space; Computers; Robotics; Nano-technology; Bio-technology and issues relating to Intellectual Property Rights.
Conservation; Environmental Pollution and Degradation; Environmental Impact Assessment.
Disaster and Disaster Management.
Linkages between Development and Spread of Extremism.
Role of External State and Non-state Actors in creating challenges to Internal Security.
Challenges to Internal Security through Communication Networks; Role of Media and Social Networking Sites in Internal Security Challenges; Basics of Cyber Security; Money-Laundering and its prevention.
Security Challenges and their Management in Border Areas - Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism.
Various Security Forces and Agencies and their Mandate.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

6. Mains: General Studies-IV (Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude)

Topics:

Attitude and approach to issues relating to integrity; probity in public life and problem solving approach to various issues and conflicts faced in dealing with society. (Case study approach may be used).
Ethics and Human Interface: Essence; Determinants and Consequences of Ethics in Human Actions; Dimensions of Ethics; Ethics in Private and Public Relationships. Human Values - Lessons from the Lives and Teachings of Great Leaders; Reformers and Administrators; Role of Family Society and Educational Institutions in Inculcating Values.
Attitude: Content; Structure; Function; its Influence and Relation with Thought and Behaviour; Moral and Political Attitudes; Social Influence and Persuasion.
Aptitude and Foundational Values for Civil Service; Integrity; Impartiality and Non-partisanship; Objectivity; Dedication to Public Service; Empathy; Tolerance and Compassion towards the weaker-sections.
Emotional Intelligence-Concepts; and their Utilities and Application in Administration and Governance.
Contributions of Moral Thinkers and Philosophers from India and World.
Public/Civil Service Values and Ethics in Public Administration: Status and Problems; Ethical Concerns and Dilemmas in Government and Private Institutions; Laws; Rules; Regulations and
Conscience as Sources of Ethical Guidance; Accountability and Ethical Governance; Strengthening of Ethical and Moral Values in Governance; Ethical Issues in International Relations and Funding; Corporate Governance.
Probity in Governance: Concept of Public Service; Philosophical Basis of Governance and Probity; Information Sharing and Transparency in Government; Right to Information; Codes of Ethics; Codes of Conduct; Citizen’s Charters; Work Culture; Quality of Service Delivery; Utilization of Public Funds; Challenges of Corruption.
Case Studies on above issues.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

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What You'll Learn in UPSC- Foundation course for General studies 2027 & 2028

Master the essential skills and industry-leading tools that will prepare you for real-world challenges and career success

Indian Language (Qualifying Paper A)

English (Qualifying Paper B)

Essay

GS Paper I

GS Paper II

GS Paper III

GS Paper IV

Optional Subject Paper I & II

Curriculum Designed by Industry Experts

Master the skills employers are looking for with our comprehensive, hands-on curriculum

Prelims: GS Paper I Syllabus

18 Topics

Prelims: GS Paper 2 Syllabus (CSAT)

12 Topics

Mains: General Studies-I (Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)

21 Topics

Mains: General Studies-II (Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)

47 Topics

Mains: General Studies-III (Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)

18 Topics

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1. Prelims: GS Paper I Syllabus

Topics:

Current events of national and international importance.
History of India and Indian National Movement.
Indian and World Geography – Physical
Social
Economic -Geography of India and the World.
Indian Polity and Governance – Constitution
Political System
Panchayati Raj- Public Policy- Rights Issues- etc.
Economic and Social Development – Sustainable Development
Poverty
Inclusion
Demographics
Social Sector Initiatives
etc.
General issues on Environmental ecology
Bio-diversity and
Climate Change – that do not require subject specialization. General Science.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

2. Prelims: GS Paper 2 Syllabus (CSAT)

Topics:

Comprehension;
Interpersonal skills including communication skills;
Logical reasoning and analytical ability;
Decision making and problem solving;
General mental ability;
Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations
orders of
magnitude
etc.) (Class X level)
Data interpretation (charts
graphs
tables- data sufficiency etc. — Class X level);

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

3. Mains: General Studies-I (Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)

Topics:

Indian Culture – Salient aspects of Art Forms; Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Modern Indian History from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present – significant events; personalities; issues.
The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.
Post-independence Consolidation and Reorganization within the country.
History of the World including events from the 18th century such as Industrial Revolution; world wars
Redrawal of National Boundaries; Colonization; Decolonization; political philosophies
like Communism
Capitalism; Socialism etc.— their forms and effect on society.
Salient features of Indian Society; Diversity of India.
Role of Women and Women’s Organization; Population and Associated Issues; Poverty and Developmental issues
Urbanization; their problems and their remedies.
Effects of Globalization on Indian society.
Social Empowerment; Communalism; Regionalism & Secularism.
Salient features of World’s Physical Geography.
Distribution of Key Natural Resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent)
factors responsible for the location of primary; secondary; and tertiary sector
industries in various parts of the world (including India).
Important Geophysical Phenomena such as earthquakes; Tsunami
Volcanic activity; cyclones etc.
geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps)
and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

4. Mains: General Studies-II (Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)

Topics:

Indian Constitution—Historical Underpinnings
Evolution
Features
Amendments
Significant Provisions and Basic Structure.
Functions and Responsibilities of the Union and the States
Issues and Challenges Pertaining to the Federal Structure
Devolution of Powers and Finances up to Local Levels and Challenges Therein.
Separation of Powers between various organs Dispute Redressal Mechanisms and Institutions.
Comparison of the Indian Constitutional Scheme with that of Other Countries.
Parliament and State Legislatures—Structure
Functioning
Conduct of Business
Powers & Privileges and Issues Arising out of these.
Structure
Organization and Functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government; Pressure Groups and Formal/Informal Associations and their Role in the Polity.
Salient Features of the Representation of People’s Act.
Appointment to various Constitutional Posts
Powers
Functions and Responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
Statutory
Regulatory and various Quasi-judicial Bodies.
Government Policies and Interventions for Development in various sectors and Issues arising out of their Design and Implementation.
Development Processes and the Development Industry — the Role of NGOs/ SHGs/ various groups and associations/ donors/ charities/ institutional and other stakeholders.
Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the Population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these Schemes;
Mechanisms/ Laws/ Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
Issues Relating to Development and Management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health
Education
Human Resources.
Issues relating to Poverty and Hunger.
Important Aspects of Governance
Transparency and Accountability
E-governance- applications
models
successes
limitations
and potential; Citizens Charters
Transparency & Accountability and institutional and other measures.
Role of Civil Services in a Democracy.
India and its Neighborhood- Relations.
Bilateral
Regional and Global Groupings and Agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India’s interests
Indian Diaspora.
Important International Institutions
agencies and fora - their Structure
Mandate.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

5. Mains: General Studies-III (Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)

Topics:

Indian Economy and issues relating to Planning; Mobilization of Resources; Growth; Development and Employment.
Inclusive Growth and issues arising from it.
Government Budgeting.
Major Crops - Cropping Patterns in various parts of the country; - Different Types of Irrigation and Irrigation Systems; Storage; Transport and Marketing of Agricultural Produce and Issues and Related Constraints; E-technology in the aid of farmers.
Issues related to Direct and Indirect Farm Subsidies and Minimum Support Prices; Public Distribution System - Objectives; Functioning; Limitations; Revamping; Issues of Buffer Stocks and Food Security; Technology Missions; Economics of Animal-Rearing.
Food Processing and Related Industries in India- Scope’ and Significance; Location; Upstream and Downstream Requirements; Supply Chain Management. Land Reforms in India.
Effects of Liberalization on the Economy; Changes in Industrial Policy and their Effects on Industrial Growth.
Infrastructure: Energy; Ports; Roads; Airports; Railways etc. Investment Models.
Science and Technology- Developments and their Applications and Effects in Everyday Life.
Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology; Indigenization of Technology and Developing New Technology.
Awareness in the fields of IT; Space; Computers; Robotics; Nano-technology; Bio-technology and issues relating to Intellectual Property Rights.
Conservation; Environmental Pollution and Degradation; Environmental Impact Assessment.
Disaster and Disaster Management.
Linkages between Development and Spread of Extremism.
Role of External State and Non-state Actors in creating challenges to Internal Security.
Challenges to Internal Security through Communication Networks; Role of Media and Social Networking Sites in Internal Security Challenges; Basics of Cyber Security; Money-Laundering and its prevention.
Security Challenges and their Management in Border Areas - Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism.
Various Security Forces and Agencies and their Mandate.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

6. Mains: General Studies-IV (Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude)

Topics:

Attitude and approach to issues relating to integrity; probity in public life and problem solving approach to various issues and conflicts faced in dealing with society. (Case study approach may be used).
Ethics and Human Interface: Essence; Determinants and Consequences of Ethics in Human Actions; Dimensions of Ethics; Ethics in Private and Public Relationships. Human Values - Lessons from the Lives and Teachings of Great Leaders; Reformers and Administrators; Role of Family Society and Educational Institutions in Inculcating Values.
Attitude: Content; Structure; Function; its Influence and Relation with Thought and Behaviour; Moral and Political Attitudes; Social Influence and Persuasion.
Aptitude and Foundational Values for Civil Service; Integrity; Impartiality and Non-partisanship; Objectivity; Dedication to Public Service; Empathy; Tolerance and Compassion towards the weaker-sections.
Emotional Intelligence-Concepts; and their Utilities and Application in Administration and Governance.
Contributions of Moral Thinkers and Philosophers from India and World.
Public/Civil Service Values and Ethics in Public Administration: Status and Problems; Ethical Concerns and Dilemmas in Government and Private Institutions; Laws; Rules; Regulations and
Conscience as Sources of Ethical Guidance; Accountability and Ethical Governance; Strengthening of Ethical and Moral Values in Governance; Ethical Issues in International Relations and Funding; Corporate Governance.
Probity in Governance: Concept of Public Service; Philosophical Basis of Governance and Probity; Information Sharing and Transparency in Government; Right to Information; Codes of Ethics; Codes of Conduct; Citizen’s Charters; Work Culture; Quality of Service Delivery; Utilization of Public Funds; Challenges of Corruption.
Case Studies on above issues.

Hands-on:

Skills You Will Learn:

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Academic Support

Expert Faculty for Physics, Chemistry & Biology/Maths
Daily Doubt Solving Sessions
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Exam-Focused Preparation

NCERT-Based Structured Syllabus
Previous Year Questions (PYQs) Practice
Regular Mock Tests & All India Test Series

Performance & Results

Detailed Performance Analysis
Rank Improvement Strategy
Time Management & Exam Strategy Sessions

Why enroll for UPSC- Foundation course for General studies 2027 & 2028 ?

Unlock your potential with UPSC- Foundation course for General studies 2027 & 2028

Strong Foundation

Build a solid base in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology/Maths aligned with NCERT and competitive exam patterns. Early preparation in Class 11 gives a major advantage for cracking JEE/NEET.

Concept Clarity & Problem Solving

Master core concepts with structured learning, regular practice, and previous year questions. Develop strong analytical and problem-solving skills essential for JEE & NEET success.

High Selection Opportunity

Start early to increase your chances of selection in top engineering and medical colleges like IITs, NITs, and AIIMS. Consistent preparation leads to better ranks and career opportunities.

Course Overview: UPSC- Foundation course for General studies 2027 & 2028

Essential details: objectives, prerequisites, schedule, and outcomes

The objective of the UPSC General Studies (GS) course is to build a well-rounded understanding of subjects essential for the UPSC Civil Services Examination and to prepare candidates for all three stages—Prelims, Mains, and Interview.